Perinatal HIV Infection
نویسندگان
چکیده
Objectives.\p=m-\Toassess health care providers' identification of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)\p=m-\exposedinfants, to ascertain the prevalence of transplacental or oral zidovudine treatment among infants exposed to HIV, and to estimate the impact of zidovudine use on perinatal transmission in rural and urban North Carolina. Design.\p=m-\Surveyof North Carolina newborns tested for HIV infection in 1993 and 1994 compared with the number of anonymous HIV-positive childbearing women. Setting.\p=m-\NorthCarolina hospitals, public health clinics, and private physicians' offices. Main Outcome Measures.\p=m-\Ratesof identification of HIV-exposed infants and of perinatal HIV-1 transmission, determined by HIV culture and polymerase chain reaction testing in the infants. Results.\p=m-\Theproportion of HIV-exposed children in North Carolina who were identified and tested increased from 60% in 1993 to 82% for all of 1994, and to more than 90% for the last quarter of 1994. The HIV-exposed infants born in rural counties
منابع مشابه
The effect of maternal HIV infection on maternal conditions and perinatal deaths in southwest Tshwane
AIM To describe the effect of HIV infection on maternal and perinatal disease in south west Tshwane. SETTING Southwest Tshwane has a low to low-middle income urban population and is served by Pretoria West and Laudium Midwife-Obstetric Units (MOUs) and Kalafong Hospital and fourteen primary care clinics which refer to those institutions. These are all public health institutions. METHODS Onl...
متن کاملRole of the placenta in adverse perinatal outcomes among HIV-1 seropositive women.
Women seropositive for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are at an increased risk for a number of adverse perinatal outcomes. Although efforts to reduce mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT) remain a priority in resource-limited countries, HIV testing and treatment have led to steep declines in MTCT in well-resourced countries. Even so, HIV seropositive pregnant women in the Unit...
متن کاملHigher in utero and perinatal HIV infection risk in girls than boys.
OBJECTIVE This study analyzed mother-to-child HIV transmission rates by sex and exposure time for babies born to HIV-infected, untreated African women. METHODS Data were analyzed from 2 independent studies done in Malawi during the 1990s. Infections were established by polymerase chain reaction on blood samples. Odds ratios (ORs) for transmission were examined by period at risk: in utero (inf...
متن کاملCongenital, Perinatal and Neonatal Infections
Across the placenta infections include Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Listeria monocytogenes, Plasmodium falciparum (malaria), rubella and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ascending maternal infection and chorioamnionitis causing fetal infection, usually subsequent to prolonged rupture of membranes. Perinatal infection acquired during birth via the haematogenous or genital route. These include hu...
متن کاملCongenital, Perinatal and Neonatal Infections
Across the placenta infections include Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Listeria monocytogenes, Plasmodium falciparum (malaria), rubella and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ascending maternal infection and chorioamnionitis causing fetal infection, usually subsequent to prolonged rupture of membranes. Perinatal infection acquired during birth via the haematogenous or genital route. These include hu...
متن کاملCongenital, Perinatal and Neonatal Infections
Across the placenta infections include Toxoplasma gondii, Treponema pallidum, Listeria monocytogenes, Plasmodium falciparum (malaria), rubella and cytomegalovirus (CMV). Ascending maternal infection and chorioamnionitis causing fetal infection, usually subsequent to prolonged rupture of membranes. Perinatal infection acquired during birth via the haematogenous or genital route. These include hu...
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